Patricia Michael*
Assistant Professor, St. Francis College for Women, Hyderabad
ABSTRACT
The importance of microorganism and it’s function with human health and diseases describes the extensive symbiotic association between the human gastrointestinal tract microbiome and the health of an individual. The human gut is a home to loads of microorganisms—that include different types of fungi, virus and bacteria—the gut microbiome is vital for nutrient absorption, synthesis of vitamins , and the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) such as acetate, butyrate, and propionate. A healthy and a balanced (eubiotic) state is naturally demarcated by separate enterotypes which are ruled by Bacteroidetes or Firmicutes, while dysbiosis—is an imbalance in microbial composition that is connected with prolonged ailments such as metabolic diseases like diabetes, obesity and colorectal cancer.
A main importance is given to the role of dietary fiber and prebiotics, especially the indigestible oligosaccharides and resistant starches. These substrates undergo selective fermentation in the colon, encouraging the growth of valuable bacteria and increasing metabolic outcomes, that include improved insulin sensitivity and metabolism of fat. Studies show the highly personalised nature of the microbiome and its sensitivity to dietary changes, highlighting the importance of targeted nutritional strategies and deeper understandings into microbial genomics for preventing and managing metabolic and inflammatory diseases.
Keywords: Gut Microbiome, Dysbiosis, Prebiotics, Short-Chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs), Fermentation, Metagenomics, Metabolic Health
Citation of this paper: Michael, P. (2025). ROLE OF MICROBIOME IN HUMAN HEALTH & DISEASE. VLEARNY Journal of Biological Sciences, 2(1), 26–35. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19136731
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VLEARNY Journal of Biological Sciences
2 (1) 2025, 26-34, https://vlearny.com/vjbs/
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